 |
|
|
|
|
Rhodium single crystal 45Rh102.905
Discovered in 1803 by W.H. Wollaston at London, England.
[Greek: rhodon = rose]
French: rhodium
German: rhodium
Italian: rodio
Spanish: rodio
|
Description: Rhodium is a rare, lustrous, silvery, hard metal of the so-called platinum group. It is unaffected by air and water up to 875 K, and unaffected by acids, but is attacked by molten alkalis. Rhocium is used as a catalyst.
|
Metal single crystal properties
| State: |
single crystal |
|
| Crystal structure: |
fcc |
|
| Production method: |
Floating Zone |
|
| Standard size: |
diameter 6-10mm
thickness 1-2mm |
|
| Orientation: |
(100), (110) and (111) |
|
| Orientation accuracy: |
<2°, <1°, <0.5° or <0.1° |
|
| Polishing: |
as cut, one or two sides polished |
|
| Roughness of surface: |
<0.03µm |
|
| Purity: |
99.99% |
|
| Typical analysis (ppm): |
Ag < 0.10
Al 2.00
Au 0.90
C 15.0
Cl 3.00
Co 0.20
Cr 2.50
Cu 0.40
Fe 15.0
H < 1.00
Mg 0.03
Mn 1.00
|
Mo 2.00
N < 5.00
Na 0.20
Ni < 1.00
Pt 10.0
O 6.00
Si 10.0
Ti 1.00
Ta 0.30
V 0.20
W 10.0
Zr 2.00
Rh balance |
Further Materials properties
| Crystal structure: |
(cell dimensions/pm), space group
f.c.c. (a=380.36), Fm3m |
| X-ray diffractions mass absorption coefficients: |
CuKa 194 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
MoKa 22.6 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
|
| Neutron scattering length: |
0.588 b/10-12 cm |
| Thermal neutron capture cross-section: |
144.8 sa / barns
|
| Density: |
12.4 g/cm3 |
| Melting point: |
1965.85 °C / 2239 °K |
| Boiling point: |
3726.85 °C / 4000 °K |
| Molar volume: |
8.29 cm3 |
| Thermal conductivity: |
150 [300 K] Wm-1K-1 |
| Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: |
8.40 x 10-6 K-1 |
| Electrical resistivity: |
4.51x10-8 [293 K] Wm |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility: |
+1.36 x 10-8(s) kg-1m3 |
| Young's modulus: |
379 GPa |
| Rigidity modulus: |
147 GPa |
| Bulk modulus: |
276 GPa |
| Poisson's ratio: |
0.26 GPa |
| Radii: |
Rh4+ 67; Rh3+ 75; Rh2+ 86; atomic 134; covalent 125 |
| Electronegativity: |
2.28 (Pauling); 1.45 (Allred); 4.30 eV (absolute) |
| Effective nuclear charge: |
3.90 (Slater); 7.64 (Clementi); 10.85 (Froese-Fischer) |
| Number of Isotopes (incl. nuclear isomers): |
34 |
| Issotope mass range: |
94m -> 112 |
Biological data
| Biological role: |
none |
| Toxicity |
|
| Toxic intake: |
most rhodium compounds are slightly toxic by ingestion. |
| Lethal intake: |
LD50 (RhCl3, ortal, rat)= 12.6 mg kg-1 |
| Hazards: |
There are few reported cases of humans being affected by rhodium, but it is an experimental carcinogen. |
| Level in humans |
|
| Organs: |
n.a.n but very low |
Daily dietary intake : |
n.a. |
Total mass of element in average
[70 kg] person: |
n.a. |
Geological data
| Minerals: |
Rhodium occurs as rare deposits of the native metal and even rarer minerals. |
| Mineral |
Formula |
Density |
Hardness |
Crystal apperance |
| Rhodium |
Rh |
c. 12 |
3.5 |
cub., met. white |
| Rhodplumsite |
Ph3Pb2S2 |
9.74 |
n.a. |
rhom., met. cream-pink/grey-blue |
| Chief ore: |
native rhodium is found in Montana, USA; certain copper and nickel ores contain up to 0.1% rhodium and these are the main source of the element.
|
| World production: |
3 tonnes/year |
| Main mining areas: |
see copper and nickel |
| Reserves: |
n.a. |
| Specimen: |
available as foil, sponge or wire. Safe.
|
| Abundances |
|
| Sun: |
25.1 (relative to H = 1 x 1012) |
| Earth's crust: |
2 x 10-4 p.p.m. |
| Seawater: |
n.a., but minute |
Other sizes and specifications on request
© 1996 - 2008 MaTecK GmbH - Im Langenbroich 20 - D-52428 Juelich - phone: +49 (0) 2461 / 9352-0 - fax: +49 (0) 2461 / 9352-11 - Contact: info@mateck.de
|
|
|
|
